China's semiconductor industry faces a widening talent gap even as global competition intensifies, exposing a structural constraint despite its rapid expansion.
Nvidia, Google, and Tesla are driving the humanoid robotics race, but competition is shifting to the hardware supply chain. The US leads in AI models and advanced chips, while China's manufacturing ecosystem is becoming central to global humanoid robot production.
Shanghai state-backed foundry GTA Semiconductor has partnered with Infineon Technologies to introduce SONOS-based embedded non-volatile memory (eNVM) into production, positioning itself more firmly in automotive and industrial chip supply chains.
